公教会教理

与 Catechism of the Catholic Church 对照
卷一:信仰的宣认第二部分:基督信仰的宣认

第二章:我信耶稣基督,神的独生子

Chapter Two: I Believe in Jesus Christ, the Only Son of God

好消息:神差遣了他的儿子

The Good News: God has sent his Son

422「及至时候满足,神就差遣他的儿子,为女子所生,且生在律法以下,要把律法以下的人赎出来,叫我们得着儿子的名分。」加 4:4-5。这就是「神的儿子,耶稣基督的福音」:可 1:1。神眷顾了他的子民。他实现了对亚伯拉罕和他后裔的应许。他的作为远超所有的期待——他差遣了他自己的「爱子」。可 1:11;参路 1:5,68。

422“But when the time had fully come, God sent forth his Son, born of a woman, born under the law, to redeem those who were under the law, so that we might receive adoption as sons.”Gal 4:4-5. This is “the gospel of Jesus Christ, the Son of God”:Mk 1:1. God has visited his people. He has fulfilled the promise he made to Abraham and his descendants. He acted far beyond all expectation - he has sent his own “beloved Son”.Mk 1:11; cf. Lk 1:5,68.

423我们相信并宣认,拿撒勒人耶稣,在希律大王和凯撒·奥古斯都皇帝的时期,出生于伯利恒,以色列女子所生的犹太人,以木匠为业,在提比略皇帝统治期间,于巡抚本丢·彼拉多手下,在耶路撒冷被钉十字架而死,就是成为人、永恒的神的儿子。他「从神那里来」,约 13:3。「从天降下」,约 3:13;6:33。并「在肉身来」。约一 4:2。因为「道成了肉身,住在我们中间,充充满满地有恩典有真理。我们也见过他的荣光,正是父独生子的荣光。……从他丰满的恩典里,我们都领受了,而且恩上加恩。」约 1:14,16。

423We believe and confess that Jesus of Nazareth, born a Jew of a daughter of Israel at Bethlehem at the time of King Herod the Great and the emperor Caesar Augustus, a carpenter by trade, who died crucified in Jerusalem under the procurator Pontius Pilate during the reign of the emperor Tiberius, is the eternal Son of God made man. He “came from God”,Jn 13:3. “descended from heaven”,Jn 3:13; 6:33. and “came in the flesh”.1 Jn 4:2. For “the Word became flesh and dwelt among us, full of grace and truth; we have beheld his glory, glory as of the only Son from the Father. . . . And from his fullness have we all received, grace upon grace.”Jn 1:14,16.

424在圣灵恩典的感动和天父的吸引下,我们相信耶稣并宣认:「你是基督,是永生神的儿子。」太 16:16。基督在圣彼得所宣认的这信仰的磐石上建立了他的教会。参太 16:18;圣良大帝,讲道 4,3:PL 54,150-152;51,1:PL 54,309B;62,2:PL 54,350-351;83,3:PL 54,431-432。

424Moved by the grace of the Holy Spirit and drawn by the Father, we believe in Jesus and confess: “You are the Christ, the Son of the living God.”Mt 16:16. On the rock of this faith confessed by St. Peter, Christ built his Church.Cf. Mt 16:18; St. Leo the Great, Sermo 4,3:PL 54,150-152; 51,1:PL 54,309B; 62,2:PL 54,350-351; 83,3:PL 54,431-432.

「传讲……基督那测不透的丰富」

“To preach... the unsearchable riches of Christ”

425基督信仰的传递主要在于宣讲耶稣基督,使他人信靠他。从一开始,最初的门徒就怀着宣讲基督的炽热渴望:「我们所看见所听见的,不能不说。」徒 4:20。他们邀请每个时代的人进入与基督相交的喜乐:

425The transmission of the Christian faith consists primarily in proclaiming Jesus Christ in order to lead others to faith in him. From the beginning, the first disciples burned with the desire to proclaim Christ: “We cannot but speak of what we have seen and heard.”Acts 4:20. And they invite people of every era to enter into the joy of their communion with Christ:

论到从起初原有的生命之道,就是我们所听见、所看见、亲眼看过、亲手摸过的。(这生命已经显现出来,我们也看见过,现在又作见证,将原与父同在、且显现与我们那永远的生命传给你们。)我们将所看见、所听见的传给你们,使你们与我们相交。我们乃是与父并他儿子耶稣基督相交的。我们将这些话写给你们,使你们的喜乐充足。约一 1:1-4。

That which was from the beginning, which we have heard, which we have seen with our eyes, which we have looked upon and touched with our hands, concerning the word of life - the life was made manifest, and we saw it, and testify to it, and proclaim to you the eternal life which was with the Father and was made manifest to us- that which we have seen and heard we proclaim also to you, so that you may have fellowship with us; and our fellowship is with the Father and with his Son Jesus Christ. And we are writing this that our joy may be complete.1 Jn 1:1-4.

教理讲授的核心:基督

At the heart of catechesis: Christ

426「在教理讲授的核心,我们本质上发现的是一个位格,拿撒勒人耶稣的位格,父的独生子……他为我们受苦受死,现在复活后永远与我们同在。」CT 5。教理讲授就是「在基督的位格中揭示神永恒计划的全貌,这计划在基督身上得到实现。它是要寻求理解基督的行为和言语,以及他所行的神迹的意义。」CT 5。教理讲授的目的是使「人们……与耶稣基督相交:只有他能引导我们在圣灵里爱父,并使我们分享圣三一的生命。」CT 5。

426“At the heart of catechesis we find, in essence, a Person, the Person of Jesus of Nazareth, the only Son from the Father. . . .who suffered and died for us and who now, after rising, is living with us forever.”CT 5. To catechize is “to reveal in the Person of Christ the whole of Gods eternal design reaching fulfillment in that Person. It is to seek to understand the meaning of Christs actions and words and of the signs worked by him.”CT 5. Catechesis aims at putting “people . . . in communion . . . with Jesus Christ: only he can lead us to the love of the Father in the Spirit and make us share in the life of the Holy Trinity.”CT 5.

427在教理讲授中,「所教导的是基督,成为了肉身的道,神的儿子……其他一切都是参照他而教导的——而且只有基督在教导——其他人教导的程度,只在于他是基督的代言人,使基督能用他的嘴唇教导……每个教理讲授者都应当能将耶稣的这句奥秘的话应用于自己身上:『我的教训不是我自己的,乃是那差我来者的。』」CT 6;参约 7:16。

427In catechesis “Christ, the Incarnate Word and Son of God,. . . is taught - everything else is taught with reference to him - and it is Christ alone who teaches - anyone else teaches to the extent that he is Christs spokesman, enabling Christ to teach with his lips. . . . Every catechist should be able to apply to himself the mysterious words of Jesus: ‘My teaching is not mine, but his who sent me.’”CT 6; cf. Jn 7:16.

428凡蒙召「教导基督」的人,必须首先寻求「认识我主基督耶稣为至宝」;他必须「丢弃万事」……为要「得着基督,并且得以在他里面」,并且「认识基督,晓得他复活的大能,并且晓得和他一同受苦,效法他的死,或者我也得以从死里复活。」腓 3:8-11。

428Whoever is called “to teach Christ” must first seek “the surpassing worth of knowing Christ Jesus”; he must suffer “the loss of all things. . . .” in order to “gain Christ and be found in him”, and “to know him and the power of his resurrection, and [to] share his sufferings, becoming like him in his death, that if possible [he] may attain the resurrection from the dead”.Phil 3:8-11.

429从这对基督充满爱的认识中,涌现出宣讲他的渴望,去「传福音」,并引导他人对耶稣基督说出信仰的「是」。但同时,也感到需要更好地认识这信仰。为此,按照信经的顺序,耶稣的主要称号——「基督」、「神的儿子」和「主」(第 2 条)——将被呈现。信经接着宣认他生平的主要奥秘——他的道成肉身(第 3 条)、逾越奥秘(第 4 和 5 条)和得荣耀(第 6 和 7 条)。

429From this loving knowledge of Christ springs the desire to proclaim him, to “evangelize”, and to lead others to the “yes” of faith in Jesus Christ. But at the same time the need to know this faith better makes itself felt. To this end, following the order of the Creed, Jesus principal titles - “Christ”, “Son of God”, and “Lord” (article 2) - will be presented. The Creed next confesses the chief mysteries of his life - those of his Incarnation (article 3), Paschal mystery (articles 4 and 5) and glorification (articles 6 and 7).