神操

与 Spiritual Exercises 对照
圣依纳爵·罗耀拉

第四部

我们的主生平的奥秘

由圣依纳爵分为五十一个祈祷主题，对应《神操》最后三周

1. 道成肉身之事传报给至圣童贞马利亚（路 1:26–38）

  1. 天使加百列向至圣童贞马利亚问安，并向她宣告神之道的成孕：「天使进去，对她说：『蒙大恩的女子，你好，主和你同在！』」「你要怀孕生子」，等等。

  2. 天使以圣施洗约翰奇迹般的成孕为例，证实了他刚才所宣告的事：「你的亲戚伊利莎白……在年老的时候也怀了男胎」，等等。

  3. 至圣童贞回答天使说：「我是主的使女，愿意照你的话实现在我身上。」

2. 马利亚探望她的亲戚伊利莎白（路 1:39–56）

  1. 马利亚前往探望伊利莎白。马利亚的临近和她的声音给圣施洗约翰留下了何等印象！「伊利莎白一听到马利亚问安，所怀的胎就在腹里跳动。伊利莎白被圣灵充满，高声喊着说：『你在妇女中是有福的！你所怀的胎也是有福的！』」

  2. 至圣童贞在喜乐的激动中，以颂歌「我心尊主为大」等，吐露自己灵魂的情感。

  3. 马利亚和伊利莎白同住，约有三个月，然后回家去了。

3. 耶稣基督的降生（路 2:1–14）

  1. 至圣童贞马利亚与她的配偶圣约瑟从拿撒勒出发，前往伯利恒：「约瑟也从加利利的拿撒勒城上犹太去，到了……伯利恒……要和他所聘之妻马利亚一同登记户籍。那时马利亚已经怀孕。」

  2. 「就生了头胎的儿子，用布包起来，放在马槽里。」

  3. 「忽然，有一大队天兵同那天使赞美神说：『在至高之处荣耀归与神！』」等等。

4. 牧羊人的敬拜（路 2:8–20）

  1. 一位天使向牧羊人宣告耶稣基督的降生：「我报给你们大喜的信息……今天……为你们生了救主」，等等。

  2. 牧羊人急忙赶到伯利恒：「他们急忙去了，找到马利亚和约瑟，还有那婴孩卧在马槽里。」

  3. 牧羊人回去了，「归荣耀于神，赞美他」，等等。

5. 割礼（路 2:21）

  1. 婴孩受了割礼。

  2. 「又给他起名叫耶稣；这是他还没有在母腹里成胎以前天使所起的名。」

  3. 婴孩行过割礼后，被放在祂母亲的怀中；她见到自己儿子流血，心中涌起最温柔的怜悯。

6. 博学之士的朝拜（太 2:1–12）

  1. 三位君王，博学之士，受一颗星引导，前来朝拜耶稣基督：「我们在东方看见他的星，特来拜他。」

  2. 「他们俯伏拜那小孩子，揭开宝盒，拿出黄金、乳香、没药，作为礼物献给他。」

  3. 他们在梦中得到指示，不要回去见希律，就从别的路回自己的家乡去了。

7. 至圣童贞的洁净礼与婴孩耶稣在圣殿中的奉献（路 2:22–39）

  1. 马利亚和约瑟带着婴孩前往耶路撒冷的圣殿，把他们的头生子献给神，并按律法所规定的献上祭物：「一对斑鸠，或用两只雏鸽。」

  2. 西面进入圣殿，「就把他抱过来，称颂神说：『主啊，如今可以照你的话，容你的仆人安然去世』」，等等。

  3. 「正当那时，亚拿进前来感谢神，对一切盼望耶路撒冷得救赎的人讲论这孩子的事。」

8. 逃往埃及（太 2:13–15）

  1. 希律想要杀害新生的耶稣，下令屠杀伯利恒一带所有孩童。但在此之前，一位天使已警告约瑟前往埃及：「起来！带着小孩子和他母亲逃往埃及。」

  2. 约瑟启程前往埃及：「约瑟就起来，连夜带着小孩子和他母亲往埃及去。」

  3. 「住在那里，直到希律死了。」

9. 从埃及回来（太 2:19–23）

  1. 一位天使警告约瑟要回到以色列地：「起来，带着小孩子和他母亲回以色列地去！」

  2. 约瑟立刻「就起来，带着小孩子和他母亲进入以色列地去。」

  3. 那时，希律的儿子亚基老在犹太作王，这促使约瑟退避到拿撒勒。

10. 我们的主从十二岁到三十岁的生活（路 2:51、52；可 6:3）

  1. 耶稣顺从并听命于马利亚和约瑟。

  2. 「耶稣的智慧和身量，并神和人喜爱他的心，都一齐增长」，等等。

  3. 看来祂自己也从事手艺，因为《马可福音》第6章记载，犹太人论到祂说：「这不是那木匠吗？」

11. 十二岁的耶稣在教师中间（路 2:41–51）

  1. 耶稣年满十二岁时，从拿撒勒前往耶路撒冷。

  2. 祂仍旧留在耶路撒冷，马利亚和约瑟并不知道。

  3. 他们寻找祂三天之后，在圣殿里找到祂，祂在教师中间。他们问祂为何留在耶路撒冷；祂回答说：「难道你们不知道我应当以我父的事为念吗？」

12. 耶稣基督受洗（太 3:13–17；可 1:9–11；路 3:21–23）

  1. 耶稣辞别祂的母亲，离开拿撒勒，来到约旦河边，祂的先驱约翰正在那里施洗。

  2. 祂由圣施洗约翰施洗；约翰起初推辞，认为自己不配向祂行此职责；但耶稣基督坚持要他这样做，说：「暂且这样做吧，因为我们理当这样履行全部的义。」

  3. 圣灵降在耶稣基督身上，天上传来永恒之父的声音：「这是我的爱子，我所喜爱的。」

13. 耶稣基督受试探（太 4:1–11；可 1:12、13；路 4:1–13）

  1. 耶稣基督在受洗后，退到旷野，在那里禁食了四十昼夜。

  2. 在那里，祂三次遭到我们救恩之仇敌的试探：「试探者进前来对他说：『你若是神的儿子，叫这些石头变成食物吧。……就跳下去！……你若俯伏拜我，我就把这一切赐给你。』」

  3. 「立刻有天使来伺候他。」

14. 使徒的呼召

  1. 圣彼得与圣安得烈似乎被呼召了三次：首先，是单纯认识耶稣基督（约 1）；然后，是只暂时跟随耶稣基督，打算回去继续他们捕鱼的职业（路 5）；最后，是不断跟随祂，再也不离开祂（太 4；可 1）。

  2. 祂呼召西庇太的儿子们，正如《马太福音》第4章所述；呼召腓力，正如《约翰福音》第1章所述；呼召马太，正如他自己在第9章所述。

其他使徒也同样蒙召，虽然福音书中没有明确提及他们蒙召的顺序与情境。

  1. 对此，我们可以作三点反思：（1）使徒们出身卑微贫寒；（2）他们以令人惊叹的温柔被提升至极卓越的尊荣；（3）他们蒙受超自然的恩赐，其数量之多、性质之非凡，使他们因此被置于旧约所有族长和新约所有圣徒之上。

15. 耶稣基督在迦拿婚宴上的第一个神迹（约 2:1–11）

  1. 耶稣基督偕同祂的门徒，受邀参加在迦拿举行的婚宴。

  2. 祂的母亲告诉祂，客人缺酒了：「他们没有酒了。」她对用人说：「他告诉你们什么，你们就做吧。」

  3. 主把水变成酒：「显出了他的荣耀来，他的门徒就信他了。」

16. 第一次将买卖的人赶出圣殿这发生在我们的主受洗之后的第一个逾越节。我们的主第二次做这事是在第四个逾越节之前，记载于《马太福音》（21:12）、《马可福音》（11:15）和《路加福音》（19:45）。（约 2:13–22）

  1. 祂拿绳子做成鞭子，把圣殿里所有买卖的人都赶了出去。

  2. 祂倒出兑换银钱之人的银钱，推翻他们的桌子。

  3. 祂更温和地对卖鸽子的说：「把这些东西拿走！不要把我父的殿当作买卖的地方。」

17. 耶稣基督的山上宝训（太 5–7；路 7:17–49）

  1. 耶稣基督向祂心爱的门徒提出了八种福乐。

  2. 祂劝勉他们要善用从神领受的恩赐与才干：「你们的光也要这样照在人前，叫他们看见你们的好行为，把荣耀归给你们在天上的父。」

  3. 祂指出祂来并不是要废掉律法，反而是要成全律法：阐发关于杀人、偷盗、奸淫和背誓的诫命；命令我们甚至要爱仇敌：「我告诉你们，要爱你们的仇敌，善待恨你们的人。」

18. 加利利海上风浪平息（太 8:23–27；可 4:35–40；路 7:22–25）

  1. 耶稣睡着的时候，海上起了猛烈的风暴。

  2. 门徒们害怕，就唤醒了祂。祂责备他们缺乏信心：「你们这些小信的人哪，为什么胆怯呢？」

  3. 祂命令风和海平静下来，立刻就大大平静了。所有目睹的人惊讶不已，喊道：「这是怎样的一个人？连风和海都听从他。」

19. 耶稣基督在水面上行走（太 14:22–33；可 6:45–54；约 5:15–21）

  1. 耶稣基督仍在山上，吩咐祂的门徒回到船上，「疏散了众人以后，他独自上山去祷告。」

  2. 夜间起了暴风。使徒们的船被海浪猛烈颠簸。耶稣向他们走去，为要到船那里，祂在水面上行走。「使徒们看见祂，就害怕，以为是个鬼怪。」

  3. 耶稣对祂的使徒们说：「放心！是我，不要怕！」祂用这些话使他们安心之后，圣彼得请求准许自己到祂那里去。耶稣准许了他，彼得便在水面上行走，要去见祂；但因害怕，他开始下沉。主责备他信心软弱，随即上了船，风就停了。

20. 耶稣基督差遣祂的使徒传道（太 10:1–42，11:1；可 6:7–13；路 9:1–6）

  1. 耶稣召集祂的门徒后，赐给他们权柄，能驱赶污灵，并医治各样的疾病。

  2. 祂教导他们明智与忍耐：「看哪！我差你们出去，如同羊进入狼群，所以你们要机警如蛇，纯真如鸽。」

  3. 祂说明他们必须如何履行使徒使命：「你们白白地得来，也要白白地给人。」「腰袋里不要带金银铜钱。」此外，祂明确告诉他们该教导什么：「要边走边传，说『天国近了』。」

21. 抹大拉的马利亚的悔改（路 7:36–50）

  1. 耶稣在一个法利赛人家中坐席，有一个女人，是城里的罪人，拿着一瓶盛满香膏的玉瓶走进房间。

  2. 她站在耶稣背后，挨着祂的脚，用眼泪滴湿祂的脚，又用自己的头发擦干，亲吻祂的脚，并用香膏膏抹。

  3. 耶稣针对那法利赛人为自己辩护，对他说：「她许多的罪都赦免了，因为她爱的多。」然后祂对那女人说：「你的信救了你，平安地回去吧！」

22. 使众人吃饱（太 14:13–21；可 6:30–44；路 9:10–17；约 6:1–14）

  1. 门徒请耶稣遣散跟随祂进入旷野的群众。

  2. 耶稣吩咐门徒把他们带来的饼交给祂。祂祝福了饼，擘开，递给门徒，分给众人；祂先已吩咐众人坐下。

  3. 众人都吃，并且吃饱了；剩下的碎屑收拾起来，装满了十二个篮子。

23. 耶稣基督登山显荣（太 17:1–9；可 9:1–8；路 9:28–36）

  1. 耶稣带上祂最亲爱的三个门徒，彼得、雅各和约翰。「他在他们面前变了形像，他的脸明亮如太阳，衣裳洁白如光。」

  2. 耶稣对摩西和以利亚谈到自己的受难。

  3. 彼得请求准许在山上搭三座棚。有声音从天上传来：「这是我的爱子，你们要听从他！」门徒们害怕，就俯伏在地。耶稣使他们安心，摸了他们，扶他们起来，对他们说：「起来，不要害怕！……人子还没有从死人中复活，你们不要把所看到的告诉人。」

24. 拉撒路复活（约 11:1–45）

  1. 耶稣听说拉撒路病了，仍在原地住了两天，为使祂愿为他行的神迹更加显明。

  2. 在叫他复活之前，祂先唤醒并激发他两个姊妹的信心：「复活在我，生命也在我。信我的人虽然死了，也必复活。」

  3. 耶稣先流下眼泪；接着祂向在天上的父献上恳切的祈祷；然后祂使死人复活。对此可以观察到，祂发出了最为明确的命令：「拉撒路，出来！」

25. 伯大尼的晚餐（太 26:6–13；可 14:3–9；约 12:1–11）

  1. 耶稣在麻风病人西门家里吃饭，拉撒路是客人之一。

  2. 马利亚用珍贵的香膏膏抹耶稣的头。

  3. 犹大对马利亚的行为埋怨说：「何必这样浪费香膏呢？」耶稣为抹大拉的马利亚辩护：「她在我身上做的是一件美事。」

26. 棕枝主日（太 21:1–11；可 11:1–10；路 19:29–44；约 12:12–19）

  1. 主吩咐祂的使徒去寻找一匹驴和它的驴驹，并牵到祂那里：「解开它们，牵到我这里来。若有人对你们说什么，你们就说：『主要用它们。』那人会立刻让你们牵来。」

  2. 使徒们把衣服铺在驴背上，主就骑了上去。

  3. 人群聚集起来迎接祂。众人都赶快将衣服铺在路上，又砍下树枝铺在路上，歌唱着：「和散那归于大卫之子！奉主名来的是应当称颂的！至高无上的，和散那！」

27. 耶稣在圣殿里讲道（路 19:47–48）

  1. 耶稣每日在圣殿里公开教导。

  2. 讲道结束后，祂返回伯大尼，因为耶路撒冷没有一人接待祂。

28. 最后的晚餐（太 26:17–30；可 14:12–20；路 22:7–23；约 13:1–30）

  1. 耶稣基督与门徒一同吃逾越节的羔羊，并警告他们自己即将面临死亡：「我实在告诉你们，你们中间有一个人要出卖我。」

  2. 耶稣为他们洗脚，甚至包括犹大的脚，并从彼得开始。彼得想到耶稣基督的尊贵与自己的卑微，起初便推辞：「主啊，你洗我的脚吗？」他还不知道，他们的主与老师是在给他们谦卑的教训，并以这些话告诉他们：「我给你们作了榜样，为要你们照着我为你们所做的去做。」

  3. 接着，祂建立了至圣圣体圣事，作为祂爱的保证。祂这样说：「你们拿去，吃吧。这是我的身体。」等等。晚餐结束后，犹大出去，把祂卖给祭司长。

29. 从晚餐到橄榄园（包括在内）的奥秘（太 26:31–46；可 14:27–42；路 22:47–54；约 13:31–38，14–17，18:1、2）

  1. 晚餐结束，并向祂的父献上感谢后，耶稣带着祂那十一个满怀恐惧的门徒，动身前往橄榄山。祂将其中八人留在客西马尼：「你们坐在这里，我到那边去祷告。」

  2. 耶稣带着彼得、雅各和约翰，三次重复同样的祈祷：「我父啊，如果可能，求你使这杯离开我。然而，不是照我所愿的，而是照你所愿的。」在这种濒死的痛苦中，祂的悲恸越深，祈祷就越恳切。

  3. 祂容许自己陷入恐惧和战栗的极致，以至于说：「我心里非常忧伤，几乎要死。」根据圣路加的见证，祂大量地流出血汗：「汗如大血点滴在地上。」

30. 从园子到亚那宅（太 26:47–57；可 14:43–53；路 22:47–54；约 18:3–24）

  1. 我们的主容许犹大以亲吻来背叛祂，让士兵们像捉拿罪犯一样抓住祂：「你们带着刀棒出来抓我，如同拿强盗吗？我天天坐在圣殿里教导人，你们并没有抓我。」然后，祂以「你们找谁？」这样的话问他们，所有敌人都退后，倒在地上。

  2. 彼得击中大祭司的一个仆人，并伤了他。耶稣对彼得说：「收刀入鞘吧！」；祂治好了那仆人。

  3. 耶稣被捕，被门徒离弃，拖到亚那府中。彼得稍后跟随祂，并在那里初次否认祂。圣马太、圣马可和圣路加在他们的叙述中，没有将第一次否认与其他两次分开，仿佛三次全都发生在该亚法府上。圣约翰似乎将第一次否认置于亚那面前；圣奥古斯丁采纳了这一观点，圣依纳爵此处遵循圣奥古斯丁的见解（参见德·利尼的《基督生平》第三部第46章）。耶稣被大祭司的另一个仆人打了一记耳光，那人责备祂缺乏敬意：「你这样回答大祭司吗？」

31. 从亚那宅到该亚法宅（太 26:57–75；可 14:53–72；路 22:54–71；约 18:24–27）

  1. 耶稣被捆绑着，从亚那被带到该亚法那里。彼得在那里两次否认祂。但主看了祂的使徒一眼；「他就出去痛哭。」

  2. 耶稣彻夜被捆绑。

  3. 围在祂身旁的守卫们讥讽并折磨祂。他们蒙上祂的眼睛、击打祂，并讥笑说：「基督啊，向我们说预言吧！打你的是谁？」他们以千百种亵渎的话侮辱祂。

32. 从该亚法府到彼拉多府（太 27:1–27；可 15:1–14；路 23:1–5；约 18:28–40）

  1. 耶稣被带到彼拉多面前，在他的审判席上被诬告：「我们见这人煽惑我们的国民，禁止我们纳税给凯撒。」

  2. 彼拉多几度审讯祂后，回答犹太人：「我并没有查出他有什么该死的罪来。」

  3. 犹太人要求释放巴拉巴，而不释放耶稣基督：「不要这人！要巴拉巴！」

33. 从彼拉多府到希律府（路 23:6–12）

  1. 彼拉多以为耶稣是加利利人，便把祂送到加利利王希律那里去。

  2. 希律为满足自己的好奇心而盘问祂。耶稣一言不发，尽管犹太人不断控告祂。

  3. 希律和他的朝臣羞辱祂，祂被戏谑地穿上白衣。

34. 耶稣从希律处被送回彼拉多面前（太 27:24–30；可 15:15–19；路 23:12–23；约 19:1–11）

  1. 希律将耶稣基督送回彼拉多那里。从那一天起，先前曾是仇敌的希律和彼拉多彼此和好了。

  2. 彼拉多命令将耶稣基督鞭打；士兵用荆棘编成冠冕戴在祂头上，又拿一件旧紫色外袍披在祂肩上；随后他们讥诮祂说：「万岁，犹太人的王！」同时他们又打祂。

  3. 耶稣头戴荆棘冠冕、身披紫袍，从审判厅出来。彼拉多将祂指给犹太人看，说：「看哪，这个人！」祭司们看见祂，就喊着说：「钉十字架！钉十字架！」

35. 耶稣基督的定罪与钉十字架（太 27:31–38；可 15:20–28；路 23:24–38；约 19:12–24）

  1. 彼拉多坐在审判台上，审判了耶稣，并将祂交给犹太人。犹太人弃绝祂作他们的王，说：「除了凯撒，我们没有王。」

  2. 耶稣背负着自己的十字架前行，直到祂气力耗尽，他们就强迫一个名叫西门的古利奈人跟在祂后面背着。

  3. 祂被钉在十字架上，两边各有一名强盗。十字架的顶端挂着一块牌子，上面写着：「犹太人的王，拿撒勒人耶稣。」

36. 十字架上的耶稣（太 27:39–56；可 15:29–41；路 23:39–49；约 19:25–39）

  1. 他们以不同方式亵渎耶稣基督：「你这拆毁殿、三日又建造起来的……从十字架上下来呀！」等等。士兵分了祂的衣服。

  2. 耶稣在十字架上说了七句话。祂为杀害祂的人祷告。祂赦免了与祂同钉的一个强盗。祂将祂的母亲托付给圣约翰，也将圣约翰托付给祂的母亲。祂呼喊：「我渴了。」；于是士兵给祂醋和水喝。祂向父诉说自己被离弃。祂说：「成了！」最后，在断气前，祂说了这些话：「父啊，我将我的灵交在你手里！」

  3. 祂死时，太阳昏暗，磐石崩裂，坟墓敞开，圣殿的幔子从上到下裂为两半。祂的肋旁被矛刺透，血与水从中流出。

37. 耶稣基督的安葬（太 27:57–66；可 15:42–47；路 23:50–56；约 19:30–42）

  1. 我们的主既已死去，被约瑟和尼哥德慕从十字架上卸下，祂那悲痛欲绝的圣母在场。

  2. 祂的遗体经香料敛葬后，被抬往坟墓，并安放其中。

  3. 坟墓前安置了守卫。

38. 耶稣基督的复活与首次显现

耶稣基督复活后首先向祂的至圣母亲显现。福音书使我们这样认为，它说耶稣基督向多人显现；若我们在此普遍表述中未能找到足够确凿的凭据，我们便该受救主对祂门徒的责备：「你们还不明白吗？」

39. 第二次显现（太 28:1–7；可 16:1–11；路 24:1–11；约 20:1、11–18）

  1. 清晨，抹大拉的马利亚、雅各的母亲马利亚和撒罗米离开耶路撒冷，往坟墓去。她们彼此说：「谁要替我们把石头从墓门滚开呢？」

  2. 她们看见石头被挪开了，又看见坟墓里有一位天使，对她们说：「你们寻找那钉十字架的拿撒勒人耶稣，他已经复活了，不在这里。」

  3. 耶稣向抹大拉的马利亚显现，她独自留在坟墓那里，其他妇女已经离开。

40. 第三次显现（太 28:8–10）

  1. 我们提到的那几位虔敬的妇女，满怀着恐惧与喜乐，正返回耶路撒冷，要去告诉使徒们她们所听见的关于夫子复活的消息。

  2. 她们同行时，耶稣向她们显现，说：「平安！」她们就在祂脚前跪下，敬拜祂。

  3. 主温柔地对她们说：「不要害怕！你们去告诉我的弟兄，叫他们往加利利去，在那里会见到我。」

41. 第四次显现（路 24:12–34；约 20:1–10）

  1. 圣彼得从圣妇们那里得知耶稣已经复活后，便火速赶往坟墓。

  2. 他进去，只见包裹我们救主身体的细麻布在那里。

  3. 圣彼得正为这事惊奇时，主向他显现，正如后来所说的：「主果然复活了，已经显现给西门看了。」

42. 第五次显现（可 16:12–13；路 24:13–34）

  1. 祂向两位正谈论祂的门徒显现，那时他们正走在去以马忤斯的路上。

  2. 祂责备他们的不信，并为他们讲解祂受难与复活的奥秘。「无知的人哪，先知所说的一切话，你们的心信得太迟钝了。基督不是必须受这些苦难，然后进入他的荣耀吗？」

  3. 祂的门徒恳求祂留下来。祂就留下了。然后，祂拿起饼，擘开，递给他们，随后就消失了。他们返回耶路撒冷，向使徒们讲述他们如何见到主，又如何在擘饼时认出了祂。

43. 第六次显现（路 24:36–45；约 20:19–23）

  1. 除了多马以外，所有门徒都因惧怕犹太人，关在一所房子里。

  2. 耶稣基督进入他们所在的房间，门都关着。「耶稣亲自站在他们当中，说：『愿你们平安！』」

  3. 祂将圣灵赐给他们，并对他们说：「领受圣灵吧！你们赦免谁的罪，谁的罪就得赦免。」

44. 第七次显现（约 20:24–29）

  1. 圣多马在耶稣第一次向其他使徒显现时没有和他们在一起，他曾坚持说，除非看见，否则绝不相信：「我若不看见，就绝不信。」

  2. 八天后，使徒们仍聚在一起，多马也和他们在一起，门都关着，耶稣再次显现，并对圣多马说：「把你的指头伸到这里来……不要疑惑，总要信！」

  3. 多马回答说：「我的主！我的神！」耶稣答道：「那没有看见却信的，有福了。」

45. 第八次显现（约 21:1–25）

  1. 耶稣向正在打鱼的七位门徒显现。他们整夜一无所获；但遵照耶稣基督的吩咐撒网后，「竟拉不上来了，因为鱼很多。」

  2. 约翰因这神迹认出了耶稣基督，便对彼得说：「是主！」彼得立刻跳进海里，赶紧到耶稣那里去。

  3. 耶稣给他们饼和鱼吃。接着，祂三次问彼得是否爱祂，然后便将照料祂羊群的职责交托给彼得，对他说：「你喂养我的小羊；你牧养我的羊；你喂养我的羊。」

46. 第九次显现（太 28:16–20；可 16:14–20；路 24:46–53）

  1. 门徒遵照他们夫子的吩咐，往他泊山去。

  2. 祂在那里再次向他们显现，说道：「天上地下所有的权柄都赐给我了。」

  3. 祂派遣他们往普天下传福音，吩咐他们说：「你们要去，使万民作我的门徒，奉父、子、圣灵的名给他们施洗。」

47. 第十次显现（林前 15:6）

之后，耶稣向聚集在一起的五百多位门徒显现。

48. 第十一次显现（林前 15:7）

祂单独向雅各显现。

49. 第十二次显现

我们在一些灵修书籍中读到，祂单独向亚利马太的约瑟显现。这是有可能的，我们可以虔诚地默想。

50. 第十三次显现（林前 15:8）

Fifth Part

  1. 祂的灵魂也使在灵薄狱中的先祖与义人感受到祂的临在；在拯救他们之后，祂多次向他们显现。

  2. 复活后，祂极其频繁地向门徒显现并与他们交谈。

  3. 祂在升天后，又向圣保罗显现，圣保罗自己宣称：「最后也显给我看；我如同未到产期而生的人一般。」

Arrangement of Subjects for a Retreat of 30 Days

51. 耶稣基督的升天（徒 1:1、11）

N.B. The passages of the Gospel will be found in Table 5 and also at the head of each of the “Mysteries,” pp. 265-286

  1. 耶稣基督在四十天之中多次向祂的使徒显现，并用许多确据使他们确信祂确实活着，「并讲说神国的事」；祂吩咐他们回到耶路撒冷，直到领受圣灵。

  2. 祂带领他们到了橄榄山；「他们正看的时候，他被接上升，有一朵云彩从他们眼前把他接去。」

  3. 当他们正望着祂升天时，两个身穿白衣的人（我们相信是天使）出现在他们面前，说：「加利利人哪，你们为什么站着望天呢？这离开你们被接升天的耶稣，你们见他怎样升上天去，他也要怎样来临。」

EVE OF THE RETREAT

Preparatory Exercise, or Meditation on Retreat, p. 10

Introductory Considerations, p. 10

Introduction to Considerations on the End of Man, p. 17

First Week

Day 1

Ex. 1. I come from God, p. 19; 2. I belong to God, p.21; 3. I am destined for God, p. 23; 4. Repetition, Abridgment, p. 230; Consideration. Particular Examination, p.197.

Day 2

Ex. 1. End of creatures, p. 25; 2. Indifference with regard to creatures, p. 30; 3. Repetition, Abridgment, p. 236; 4. Repetition of the Foundation, Abridgment, p. 230; Consid. On General Examination, p. 199-202; Method of Meditation, p. 5.

Day 3

Ex. 1. Sin of the Angels, p. 34; 2. Sin of Adam, p. 38; 3. Personal sins, p. 42; 4. Repetition, Abridgment, p. 231; 5. Application of the senses on Hell, p. 68; Consid. Method of Meditation, p. 5; First Nine Additions, p. 8.

Day 4

Ex. 1. Meditation on Hell, 1st and 2nd points, p. 62; 2. Ditto, 3rd, 4th and 5th points, p. 64; 3. On the number, etc., of our personal sins, p. 59; 4. 5. Repetition, Abridgment, p. 62, p. 59; Consid. Tenth Addition, p. 205; General Confession, p. 203.

Day 5

Ex. 1. Meditation on death, p. 69; 2. Contemplation of the last agony, p. 75; 3. State of man after death, p. 76; 4. Malice of mortal sin, p. 47; 5. Repetition, Abridgment, p. 252, p. 253, p. 244; Consid. Rules for discernment of spirits, first seven rules, p. 207.

Day 6

Ex. 1. On the particular judgment, points 1, 2, and 3, p. 78; 2. Ditto, points 4, 5, and 6, p. 80; 3. Effects of mortal sin on the soul, p. 53; 4. 5. Repetition, Abridgment, p. 256, p. 247. Consid. First manner of praying, p. 225. General Confession, p. 203.

Day 7

Ex. 1. On venial sin, p. 83; 2. 3. Wandering of the prodigal, p. 86; 4. 5. Repetition; Consid. Seven last Rules for discernment of spirits, p. 209; General Examination, p. 199.

Day 8

Ex. 1. Return of the prodigal, p. 90; Consid. Object, etc., of the Second Week, p. 94.

Second Week

Day 1 (9)

Ex. 1. Reign of Our Saviour, p. 96; 2. The same repeated, p. 99; Method of Contemplation, p. 95; Second manner of praying, applied to the offering of ourselves to Jesus Christ, p. 226.

Day 2 (10)

Ex. 1. 2. 3. Meditation on the Incarnation, p. 101; 4. 5. Contemplation on the same, p. 106; Consid. Rules for the discernment of spirits for the Second Week, p. 211.

Day 3 (11)

Ex. 1. 2. Meditation on the Nativity, p. 108; 3. 4. Contemplation on the same, p. 111; 5. Application of the senses, p. 113; Consid. Rules for the discernment of spirits for the Second Week, p. 211.

Day 4 (12)

Ex. 1. 2. Presentation of Jesus in the Temple, and flight into Egypt, p. 267; or in place of these, on the hidden life of Jesus at Nazareth, p. 115; and Contemplation of the same Mystery, p. 119; 3. 4. Repetition; 5. Application of the senses, p. 120; Consid. Method of Particular Examination, p. 197; Additions or recommendations, p. 8.

Day 5 (13)

Ex. 1. Life of Our Saviour from the age of twelve years to thirty, p. 268; of the public life of Jesus Christ, point 1, p. 121; 2. Jesus among the doctors, p. 269; of public life of Jesus Christ, points 2, 3, p. 123; 3. Repetition; Consid. On election, or choice of a state, art. p. 1, p. 213; or of reform, p. 216.

Day 6 (14)

Ex. 1. The two standards, p. 127; 2. The same, a second time, p. 130; 3. 4. Repetition; 5. The three classes, p. 131; Consid. The choice of state, arts. 2 and 3, p. 213; or of reform, p. 216.

Day 7 (15)

Ex. 1. Baptism of Our Lord, p. 269; 2. The three degrees of humility 135; 3. 4. Repetition; 5. Choice of state and reform, p. 213, p. 216; Discernment of spirits, p. 211.

Day 8 (16)

Ex. 1. Temptation of Jesus Christ; or vocation of the Apostles, p. 270; 2. 3. Repetition; 4. Application of the senses; Consid. Distribution of one’s goods and almsgiving, p. 219.

Day 9 (17)

Ex. Sermon on the Mount, p. 271; Consid. Object, etc., of the Third Week, p. 139.

N.B. If this Second Week were prolonged, we should meditate successively on the following subjects indicated by St. Ignatius: Jesus walking on the water, Jesus teaching in the Temple, the raising of Lazarus, triumphant entry of Jesus into Jerusalem, pp. 160, etc.

Third Week

Day 1 (18)

Ex. 1. Meditation on the Mystery of the Eucharist, points 1 and 2, p. 142; 2. The same, point 3, p. 144; 3. 4. Repetition; 5. Application of the senses, p. 146; Consid. Rules of temperance, p. 218; Rules of the orthodox faith, 2, 3, and 8, p. 222.

Day 2 (19)

Ex. 1. Discourse after the Last Supper, point 1, p. 148; 2. The same, point 2, p. 150; 3. The same, point 3, p. 153; 4. 5. Repetition; Consid. Rules of the orthodox faith, 11 to 18, p. 223-24.

Day 3 (20)

Ex. 1. Jesus in the Garden of Olives, point 1, p. 154; 2. The same, point 2, p. 156; 3. 4. Repetition; 5. Application of the senses; Consid. Tenth Addition, p. 205; Remarks on scruples, p. 220.

Day 4 (21)

Ex. 1. Sufferings of Jesus Christ from the garden to the cross, point 1, p. 157; 2. The same, point 2, p. 160; 3. 4. Repetition; 5. Application of the senses; Consid. The three degrees of humility, p. 135.

Day 5 (22)

Ex. 1. 2. Contemplation on the death of Jesus Christ on the cross, p. 162; 3. 4. Repetition; 5. Application of the senses, p. 165; Consid. Rules of the orthodox faith, 3 and 7, p. 222; Rules of Temperance, p. 218.

Day 6 (23)

Meditation on the whole history of the Passion from the Gospels, making one or more exercises at choice. Consid. The three degrees of humility, p. 135. Rules of temperance, p. 218; On scruples, p. 220.

Day 7 (24)

Ex. Burial of Jesus, p. 281; Consid. Object, etc., of the Fourth Week, p. 167.

Fourth Week

Day 1 (25)

Ex. 1. Meditation on the Resurrection, point 1, p. 168; 2. Contemplation on the same mystery, p. 173; 3. Repetition; 4. Application of the senses; Consid. On scruples, p. 220.

Day 2 (26)

Ex. 1. First apparition of Jesus Christ, p. 281; or the apparitions of Jesus risen, point 2 of Meditation on the Resurrection, p. 171; 2. Contemplation on the same, p. 173; 3. Repetition; 4. Application of the senses; Consid. Rules for discernment of spirits for Second Week, p. 211.

Day 3 (27)

Ex. 1. Life of Jesus Christ in Heaven, point 1, p. 175; 2. The same, point 2, p. 177; 3. The same, point 3, p. 179; 4. Repetition, or application of the senses; Consid. Rules of the orthodox faith, p. 222.

Day 4 (28)

Ex. 1. On Devotion to the B. V. M.; Mary, Mother of God, p. 185; 2. On the same; Mary, our Mother, p. 189; 3. 4. Repetition; Consid. Rules of the orthodox faith, p. 222.

Day 5 (29)

Ex. 1. Contemplation on the love of God, point 1, p. 180; 2. The same, point 2, p. 182; 3. The same, points 3 and 4, p. 182-3; 4. Repetition; Consid. Second and third manner of praying, p. 227.

Day 6 (30)

Ex. The prayer “Suscipe,” according to the second manner of praying, p. 181 (227); Consid. Recommendations for the last day of the Exercises, p. 193.

Arrangement of Subjects for a Retreat of 15 Days

EVE OF THE RETREAT, AS IN TABLE 1

Same as in table 1, pp.10 & 17

Day 1

End of man, p. 19; End of creatures, 25; Indifference in their regard, p. 30; Repetition; Consid. Particular and General Examination, p. 197, p. 199; Method of Meditation, p. 5.

Day 2

On the triple sin, pp. 34, 38, 42; Our personal sins, p. 59; Hell, p. 62, p. 68; Consid. The Additions, 1 to 9, p. 8; First manner of praying, p. 225.

Day 3

Death, pp. 69, 75; Infinite malice of mortal sin, p. 47; Repetition of the two, p. 76, p. 244; Consid. The Tenth Addition, p. 205; On General Confession, p. 203.

Day 4

The particular judgment, p. 78; Effects of mortal sin, p. 53; Repetition of the two, p. 256, p. 247; Consid. Rules for discernment of spirits for the First Week, p. 207.

Day 5

Venial sin, p. 83; Wanderings of the prodigal, p. 86; His return, p. 90; Repetition, p. 258; Consid. Rules for discernment of spirits, p. 207.

Day 6

The reign of Christ, p. 96; The same subject again, p. 175; Object of the Second Week, p. 94.

Day 7

The Incarnation, pp. 101, 106; The Nativity, p. 108, p. 111; Repetition of these two subjects, p. 265, p. 266; Application of the senses, p. 113; Consid. Rules for the discernment of spirits for the Second Week, p. 211.

Day 8

Hidden life of Jesus Christ, pp. 115–121; Public life of Jesus Christ, p. 121; Repetition; Application of the senses; Consid. Of election, or the choice of a state, arts. 1, 2, and 3, p. 213.

Day 9

The two standards, p. 126; The same repeated; The three classes, p. 131; Consid. On election, arts. 3 and 4, p. 214.

Day 10

Baptism of Jesus Christ, p. 269; The three degrees of humility 135; Of election, p. 213, or reform, p. 216; Consid. Distribution of alms, p. 219.

Day 11

The Eucharist, pp. 142, 146; Discourse after the Last Supper, p. 148; The Garden of Olives, p. 154; Consid. Rules of temperance, p. 218; Rules of the orthodox faith, 2, 3, and 8, p. 222.

Day 12

Sufferings of Jesus Christ, pp. 154, 157; His death, p. 162; Application of the senses, p. 165; Consid. Rules of penance, or Tenth Addition, p. 205.

Day 13

Resurrection and apparitions of Jesus Christ, pp. 168, 173; Repetition; Application of the senses; Consid. Remarks on scruples, p. 220; Second and third manner of praying, p. 226.

Day 14

Life of Jesus Christ in Heaven, p. 175; Devotion to the B.V.M., p. 185; Consid. Rules of the orthodox faith, p. 222.

Day 15

On the love of God, p. 180; Repetition; Recommendations for the last day of a retreat, p. 191.

Arrangement of Subjects for a Retreat of 8 Days

EVE OF THE RETREAT, AS IN TABLE 1

Same as in table 1, pp. 10 & 17

Day 1

End of man, Abridgment, p. 231; End of creatures, Abridgment, p. 233; Indifference in their regard, Abridgment, p. 236; Consid. Examination, Particular and General, p. 197, p. 199; On Meditation, p. 5.

Day 2

The triple sin, Abridgment, pp. 238, 242, 244; Effects of sin, Abridgment, p. 247; Hell, Abridgment, p. 249; Consid. The Additions, 1 to 9, p. 8; The first manner of praying, p. 225; The General Confession, p. 203.

Day 3

Death, Abridgment, p. 252; Infinite malice of mortal sin, Abridgment, p. 244; Effects of mortal sin, Abridgment, p. 247; Consid. The Tenth Addition, p. 205; First manner of praying, p. 225.

Day 4

The Judgment, Abridgment, p. 256; Venial sin, p. 83; The prodigal son, p. 258; Consid. Rules for discernment of spirits for the First Week, p. 207.

Day 5

Reign of Jesus Christ, p. 96; The Incarnation, p. 101, p. 106; The Nativity, p. 108, p. 111; Consid. Object of the Second Week, p. 94.

Day 6

Hidden life of Jesus Christ, pp. 115, 119, 120; Public life of Jesus Christ, p. 121; The two standards, p. 127; Consid. On election, p. 213; or reform, p. 216; The three degrees of humility, p. 135.

Day 7

The Garden of Olives to the cross, pp. 154, 157; Jesus Christ on the cross, p. 162, p. 165; Consid. Rules on temperance, p. 218; On scruples, p. 220.

Day 8

On the Eucharist, pp. 142, 146; On the love of God, p. 180; Consid. Rules of the orthodox faith, p. 222.

Another Arrangement of Subjects for a Retreat of 8 Days

Day 1

End of man, Abridgment, p. 231; End of creatures, Abridgment, p. 233; Indifference in their regard, Abridgment, p. 236; Triple sin, Abridgment, p. 238–44; Consid. General Examination, p. 199; Method of Meditation, p. 5; The Ten Additions, p. 8, p. 205.

Day 2

Malice of sin, Abridgment, p. 244; Personal sin, Abridgment, p. 242; Hell, p. 62, p. 249; Consid. General Confession, p. 203; First manner of praying, p. 225.

Day 3

Death, pp. 69, 75, 76; Judgment, p. 78; The prodigal son, Abridgment, p. 258; Consid. Discernment of spirits for First Week, p. 207.

Day 4

Reign of Jesus Christ, p. 96; The Incarnation, p. 101, p. 106; Consid. Object of the Second Week, p. 94.

Day 5

The Nativity, pp. 108, 111; The hidden life of Jesus Christ, pp. 115, 119, 120; Consid. Discernment of spirits for Second Week, p. 211.

Day 6

Public life of Jesus Christ, p. 121; The two standards, p. 127; The three classes, p. 131; Consid. Of election, p. 213; or reform, p. 216; The three degrees of humility, p. 135.

Day 7

The Eucharist, pp. 142, 146; The Passion, p. 154–166; Consid. Rules of temperance, p. 218; On scruples, p. 220.

Day 8

On the love of God, p. 180; Consid. Rules of the orthodox faith, p. 222.

Readings

Spiritual Reading From the New Testament and From The Imitation of Christ

End of man

N. T. Matt. 16:14–28; Luke 6:30–33

Imit. of Christ Bk. 3 ch. 9, 22, 26

Mortal sin

N. T. Matt. 25:1–31

Imit. of Christ Bk. 1 ch. 21, 22; 2.6; 4.7

Death

N. T. Luke 12:33–43; Apoc. 3

Imit. of Christ Bk. 1 ch. 23

Judgment

N. T. Matt. 25:31–46

Imit. of Christ Bk. 3 ch. 14

Hell

N. T. Luke 16:19–31

Imit. of Christ Bk. 1 ch. 25

Reign of Christ

N. T. John 15; Col. 3

Imit. of Christ Bk 1 ch. 1; bk 3 ch. 13–32

The Incarnation

N. T. Luke 1:26–56

Imit. of Christ Bk. 2 ch. 1, 7, 8

The Nativity

N. T. Luke 2:1–21

Imit. of Christ Bk. 3 ch. 1, 2, 18

The hidden life of Jesus Christ

N. T. Luke 2:40–52

Imit. of Christ Bk. 1 ch. 20; Bk. 3 ch. 44, 53

Public life of Jesus Christ

N. T. Matt. 10

Imit. of Christ Bk. 1 ch. 15, 16; bk. 3 ch. 4

The two standards, three classes and three degrees of humility

N. T. Matt. 19

Imit. of Christ Bk. 3 ch. 23, 27, 31, 56

Change of a state

Imit. of Christ Bk. 3 ch. 54

The Eucharist

N. T. Matt. 26:17–30

Imit. of Christ Bk. 4 ch. 1, 2

The Passion

N. T. Matt. 26:36–75; 27

Imit. of Christ Bk. 2 ch. 11, 12; Bk. 4 ch. 8

The Resurrection and Ascension

N. T. Matt. 28; Mark 16; Luke 24; Acts 1

Imit. of Christ Bk. 3 ch. 47, 48

Love of God

N. T. John 17; 1 John 4

Imit. of Christ Bk. 3 ch. 5, 6, 34

Holy Communion

N. T. Luke 22:14–21; John 6; 1 Cor. 11:23–31

Imit. of Christ Bk. 4 ch. 17

Prayers

Pater Noster (Our Father)

Our Father, Who art in Heaven, hallowed be Thy Name. Thy kingdom come, Thy will be done on earth as it is in Heaven. Give us this day our daily bread, and forgive us our trespasses, as we forgive those who trespass against us. And lead us not into temptation, but deliver us from evil. Amen.

Ave Maria (Hail Mary)

Hail Mary, full of grace, the Lord is with thee; blessed art thou among women, and blessed is the fruit of thy womb, Jesus. Holy Mary, Mother of God, pray for us sinners, now and at the hour of our death. Amen.

Anima Christi (Soul of Christ)

Soul of Christ, sanctify me.

Body of Christ, save me.

Blood of Christ, inebriate me.

Water from the side of Christ, wash me.

Passion of Christ, strengthen me.

O good Jesus, hear me;

Within Thy wounds, hide me;

Separated from Thee let me never be.

From the malignant enemy, defend me;

At the hour of my death, call me,

And bid me come unto Thee,

That with Thy Saints I may praise Thee For all eternity. Amen.

Suscipe

Take, O Lord, and receive my entire liberty, my memory, my understanding, and my whole will. All that I am and all that I possess, Thou hast given me: I surrender it all to Thee to be disposed of according to Thy will. Give me only Thy love and Thy grace: with these I will be rich enough, and will desire nothing more. Amen.

Credo (The Apostles’ Creed)

I Believe in God, the Father Almighty, Creator of heaven and earth; and in Jesus Christ, His only Son, Our Lord; who was conceived by the Holy Ghost, born of the Virgin Mary, suffered under Pontius Pilate, was crucified, died, and was buried. He descended into hell; the third day He arose again from the dead; He ascended into Heaven, sitteth at the right hand of God, the Father Almighty; from thence He shall come to judge the living and the dead. I believe in the Holy Ghost, the Holy Catholic Church, the Communion of Saints, the forgiveness of sins, the resurrection of the body, and life everlasting. Amen.

The Regina Caeli

This prayer is recited morning, noon and evening during Paschal Time (from Easter through the evening of the Saturday after Pentecost) instead of The Angelus. It is traditionally recited standing.

V. Queen of Heaven, rejoice. Alleluia.

R. For He whom thou wast worthy to bear. Alleluia.

V. Has risen as He said. Alleluia.

R. Pray for us to God. Alleluia.

V. Rejoice and be glad, O Virgin Mary. Alleluia.

R. For the Lord is truly risen. Alleluia.

Let Us Pray

O God, Who by the Resurrection of Thy Son, Our Lord Jesus Christ, hast been pleased to give joy to the whole world, grant, we beseech Thee, that through the intercession of the Virgin Mary, His Mother, we may attain the joys of eternal life. Through the same Christ Our Lord. Amen.

Ave Maris Stella

Hail, bright star of ocean,

God’s own Mother blest,

Ever sinless Virgin,

Gate of heavenly rest.

Taking that sweet Ave,

Which from Gabriel came,

Peace confirm within us,

Changing Eva’s name.

Break the captives’ fetters,

Light on blindness pour,

All our ills expelling,

Every bliss implore.

Show thyself a Mother;

May the Word Divine,

Born for us thine Infant,

Hear our prayers through thine.

Virgin all excelling,

Mildest of the mild,

Freed from guilt,

preserve us Pure and undefiled.

Keep our life all spotless,

Make our way secure,

Till we find in Jesus

Joy forevermore.

Through the highest Heaven

To the Almighty Three,

Father, Son and Spirit,

One same glory be. Amen.

Veni, Creator

Come, O Creator Spirit blest!

And in our souls take up Thy rest;

Come with Thy grace and heavenly aid,

To fill the hearts which Thou hast made.

Great Paraclete! To Thee we cry,

O highest gift of God most high!

O font of life! O fire of love!

And sweet anointing from above.

Thou in Thy sevenfold gifts art known,

The finger of God’s hand we own;

The promise of the Father, Thou!

Who dost the tongue with power endow.

Kindle our senses from above,

And make our hearts o’erflow with love;

With patience firm and virtue high,

The weakness of our flesh supply.

Far from us drive the foe we dread,

And grant us Thy true peace instead;

So shall we not, with Thee for guide,

Turn from the path of life aside.

Oh, may Thy grace on us bestow

The Father and the Son to know,

And Thee through endless times confessed

Of both the Eternal Spirit blest.

All glory while the ages run

Be to the Father, and the Son

Who rose from death; the same to Thee,

O Holy Ghost, eternally. Amen.

Stabat Mater

At the Cross her station keeping,

Stood the mournful Mother weeping,

Close to Jesus to the last.

Through her heart, His sorrow sharing,

All His bitter anguish bearing,

Lo! the piercing sword had passed.

O how sad and sore distressed

Was that Mother, highly blessed,

Of the sole-begotten One.

Woe-begone, with heart’s prostration,

Mother meek, the bitter passion

Saw she of her glorious Son.

Who on Christ’s dear Mother gazing,

In her trouble so amazing,

Born of woman, would not weep?

Who on Christ’s dear Mother thinking,

Such a cup of sorrow drinking,

Would not share her sorrow deep?

For His people’s sins rejected,

Saw her Jesus unprotected,

Saw with thorns, with scourges rent:

Saw her Son from judgment taken,

Her Beloved in death forsaken,

Till His spirit forth He sent.

Fount of love and holy sorrow,

Mother! may my spirit borrow

Somewhat of thy woe profound;

Unto Christ, with pure emotion,

Raise my contrite heart’s devotion,

Love to read in every wound.

Those five wounds on Jesus smitten,

Mother! in my heart be written,

Deep as in thine own they be;

Thou, thy Saviour’s Cross who bearest,

Thou, thy Son’s rebuke who sharest,

Let me share them both with thee.

In the passion of my Maker,

Be my sinful soul partaker,

Weep till death and weep with thee;

Mine with thee be that sad station,

There to watch the great salvation,

Wrought upon the atoning tree.

Virgin, thou of virgins fairest,

May the bitter woe thou bearest,

Make on me impression deep.

Thus Christ’s dying may I carry,

With Him in His passion tarry,

And His wounds in memory keep.

May His wound both wound and heal me,

He enkindle, cleanse, anneal me,

Be His Cross my hope and stay.

May He, when the mountains quiver,

From that flame which burns forever

Shield me on the judgment day.

Jesus, may Thy Cross defend me,

And Thy Mother’s prayer befriend me,

Let me die in Thine embrace;

When to dust my dust returneth,

Grant a soul that to Thee yearneth

In Thy Paradise a place. Amen.

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