圣徒的离世
Transit of the Saint
记述炽爱童贞锡耶纳的圣加大利纳离世的书信,由塞·巴杜乔·迪·皮耶罗·卡尼吉亚尼致佛罗伦萨附近圣皮耶罗-阿蒙蒂切利修道院的加大利纳·佩特里博尼修女。奉耶稣基督之名。
Letter of Ser Barduccio di Piero Canigiani, containing the Transit of the Seraphic Virgin, Saint Catherine of Siena, to Sister Catherine Petriboni in the Monastery of San Piero a Monticelli near Florence. In the Name of Jesus Christ.
最亲爱的基督耶稣里的母亲,以及我们蒙福的母亲加大利纳神圣记忆中的修女,我,巴杜乔,一个可怜而有罪的罪人,向您的神圣祈祷推荐自己,如同一个因如此伟大母亲之死而成了孤儿的软弱婴孩。我收到了您的来信,怀着极大的喜悦阅读了它,并传达给了这里我悲伤的母亲们,她们对您极大的仁爱与温柔的爱深表感激,也向您的祈祷推荐自己,恳请您向院长和所有修女们推荐她们,以便她们随时准备好去做一切可能令神喜悦的事,无论是关乎她们自己还是您。但既然您,作为一位挚爱而忠实的女儿,渴望了解我们共同母亲的结局,我不得不满足您的愿望;尽管我知道自己并不适合讲述这样的事,但我无论如何都要写下我软弱双眼所见,以及我灵魂迟钝感官所能理解的一切。
Dearest Mother in Christ Jesus, and Sister in the holy memory of our blessed mother Catherine, I, Barduccio, a wretched and guilty sinner, recommend myself to your holy prayers as a feeble infant, orphaned by the death of so great a mother. I received your letter and read it with much pleasure, and communicated it to my afflicted mothers here, who, supremely grateful for your great charity and tender love towards them, recommend themselves greatly, for their part, to your prayers, and beg you to recommend them to the Prioress and all the sisters that they may be ready to do all that may be pleasing to God concerning themselves and you. But since you, as a beloved and faithful daughter, desire to know the end of our common mother, I am constrained to satisfy your desire; and although I know myself to be but little fitted to give such a narration, I will write in any case what my feeble eyes have seen, and what the dull senses of my soul have been able to comprehend.
这位蒙福的童贞女、千万灵魂的母亲,在割礼节庆日前后,开始感到灵魂与身体都发生了极大的变化,以至于不得不改变生活方式。进食维持生命的行为变得如此令人厌恶,她只能以极大的困难强迫自己吃一点东西;当她进食时,她并不吞咽食物的实质部分,而是习惯性地将其吐出。此外,她连一滴水也无法咽下以解渴,由此产生了极其剧烈而持久的口渴,喉咙炎症如此严重,以至于她的呼吸仿佛如火一般。尽管如此,她仍保持着非常良好的健康状态,一如既往地强壮而精神焕发。在这种状况下,我们迎来了六旬主日。大约在晚祷时分,正值她祈祷之时,她遭受了一次如此剧烈的打击,以至于从那天起,她便不再健康。到了接下来的周一夜晚,就在我刚写完一封信后,她又遭受了一次如此可怕的打击,以至于我们都哀悼她如同已死,她长时间处于这种状态,没有任何生命迹象。随后,她起身站立了同样长的时间,看起来已不再是那个倒下的人了。
This blessed virgin and mother of thousands of souls, about the feast of the Circumcision, began to feel so great a change both in soul and body, that she was obliged to alter her mode of life, the action of taking food for her sustenance becoming so loathsome to her, that it was only with the greatest difficulty that she could force herself to take any, and, when she did so, she swallowed nothing of the substance of the food, but had the habit of rejecting it. Moreover, not one drop of water could she swallow for refreshment, whence came to her a most violent and tedious thirst, and so great an inflammation of her throat that her breath seemed to be fire, with all which, however, she remained in very good health, robust and fresh as usual. In these conditions we reached Sexagesima Sunday, when, about the hour of Vespers, at the time of her prayer, she had so violent a stroke that from that day onwards she was no longer in health. Towards the night of the following Monday, just after I had written a letter, she had another stroke so terrific, that we all mourned her as dead, remaining under it for a long time without giving any sign of life. Then, rising, she stood for an equal space of time, and did not seem the same person as she who had fallen.
从那一刻起,她身体里开始了新的挣扎与剧烈的痛苦。尽管她身体虚弱,但到了四旬期,她开始全心投入祈祷,以至于从内心深处发出的谦卑叹息与哀伤呻吟的频率,在我们看来简直是个奇迹。我想你也知道,她的祈祷是如此炽热,以至于她祈祷一小时,就让那柔弱的身躯陷入比连续祈祷整整两天的人还要严重的虚弱状态。与此同时,每天早晨领圣体后,她从地上站起来时,状态如此糟糕,任何人看到她都会以为她已经死了,就这样她被抬回床上。然后,过了一两个小时,她会再次起身,我们会去圣彼得大殿——尽管距离有一英里远——在那里她会进入祈祷状态,一直待到晚祷时分,最后回到住处时,她已经筋疲力尽,看起来像具尸体。
From that hour began new travail and bitter pains in her body, and, Lent having arrived, she began, in spite of her infirmity, to give herself with such application of mind to prayer that the frequency of the humble sighs and sorrowful plaints which she exhaled from the depth of her heart appeared to us a miracle. I think, too, that you know that her prayers were so fervent that one hour spent in prayer by her reduced that dear tender frame to greater weakness than would be suffered by one who should persist for two whole days in prayer. Meanwhile, every morning, after Communion, she arose from the earth in such a state that anyone who had seen her would have thought her dead, and was thus carried back to bed. Thence, after an hour or two, she would arise afresh, and we would go to St. Peter’s, although a good mile distant, where she would place herself in prayer, so remaining until Vespers, finally returning to the house so worn out that she seemed a corpse.
这是她的操练,直到四旬期的第三主日,她终于屈服,被日益增长、吞噬她身体的无数痛苦,以及她因看见人犯罪得罪神、又因知道圣教会正面临越来越严重的危险所带来的无限灵魂折磨所征服,为此她大为沮丧,内外皆受煎熬。她在这种状态下躺了八周,无法抬起头来,全身充满了难以忍受的痛苦,从脚底到头顶,以至于她常常说:「这些痛苦确实是身体的痛苦,却并非自然的;因为神似乎已准许魔鬼随意折磨这身体。」而且,事实上,这显然是如此;因为,如果我试图解释她在这种可怕、前所未闻的苦难中所操练的忍耐,我恐怕会因我的解释而损伤无法解释的事实。我只想说,每当新的折磨降临到她身上时,她总是欢欣地抬眼仰望神,并将她的心献给神,说道:「感谢你,噢永恒的新郎,因你每天再次赐予这些恩典给我,你这可怜且最不配的婢女!」
These were her exercises up till the third Sunday in Lent, when she finally succumbed, conquered by the innumerable sufferings, which daily increased, and consumed her body, and the infinite afflictions of the soul which she derived from the consideration of the sins which she saw being committed against God, and from the dangers ever more grave to which she knew the Holy Church to be exposed, on account of which she remained greatly overcome, and both internally and externally tormented. She lay in this state for eight weeks, unable to lift her head, and full of intolerable pains, from the soles of her feet to the crown of her head, to such an extent that she would often say: “These pains are truly physical, but not natural; for it seems that God has given permission to the devils to torment this body at their pleasure.” And, in truth, it evidently was so; for, if I were to attempt to explain the patience which she practiced, under this terrible and unheard-of agony, I should fear to injure, by my explanations, facts which cannot be explained. This only will I say, that, every time that a new torment came upon her, she would joyously raise her eyes and her heart to God and say: “Thanks to Thee, oh eternal Spouse, for granting such graces afresh every day to me, Thy miserable and most unworthy handmaid!”
就这样,她的身体持续消耗自己,直到升天节前的星期日;但那时她的身体已衰弱到如此地步,看起来就像画中的尸体一般——我并非指她的面容,那面容始终保持着天使般的模样,散发着虔诚的气息,而是指她的胸膛与四肢,那里除了骨头覆盖着最薄的皮肤外,什么也看不见,而且从腰部以下她虚弱到连稍微挪动一下身体都无法做到。在上述星期日的前一夜,大约黎明前两小时或更久,她身上发生了巨大的变化,我们认为她即将走到生命的终点。于是全家人都被叫到她身边,她以非凡的谦卑和虔诚,向站在附近的人示意,希望为自己的过错及应受的惩罚领受圣赦免,于是圣赦免便施行了。此后,她逐渐衰弱到如此状态,除了她那持续、悲伤而微弱的呼吸外,我们再也观察不到任何其他动静。鉴于这种情况,我们认为应当为她施行临终圣油礼,我们的圣安蒂莫修道院院长便为她施行了圣油礼,而她仿佛已失去了知觉。
In this way her body continued to consume itself until the Sunday before the Ascension; but by that time it was reduced to such a state that it seemed like a corpse in a picture, though I speak not of the face, which remained ever angelical and breathed forth devotion, but of the bosom and limbs, in which nothing could be seen but the bones, covered by the thinnest skin, and so feeble was she from the waist downwards that she could not move herself, even a little, from one side to another. In the night preceding the aforesaid Sunday, about two hours or more before dawn, a great change was produced in her, and we thought that she was approaching the end. The whole family was then called around her, and she, with singular humility and devotion, made signs to those who were standing near that she desired to receive Holy Absolution for her faults and the pains due to them, and so it was done. After which she became gradually reduced to such a state that we could observe no other movement than her breathing—continuous, sad, and feeble. On account of this it seemed right to give her Extreme Unction, which our abbot of Sant’ Antimo did, while she lay as it were deprived of feeling.
经过这次涂油礼后,她整个人开始完全改变,并用头和手臂做出各种手势,仿佛表明她正遭受恶魔的严重攻击。她在这种悲惨的状态中持续了一个半小时,其中一半时间沉默不语,之后她开始说:「我犯了罪!哦,主啊,怜悯我吧!」我相信她重复这句话超过六十次,每次都举起右臂,然后让它落下并击打床铺。接着,她改变话语,又说了同样多次,但没有移动手臂:「圣洁的神啊,怜悯我吧!」最后,她在上述剩余的时间里使用了许多其他谦卑而虔诚的祷告词句,表达了各种美德的行为。之后,她的面容突然从阴郁转变为天使般的光明,她那泪眼朦胧、乌云密布的眼睛变得宁静而喜悦。如此情形,使我无法怀疑,就像从深海中被拯救出来的人一样,她恢复了自我。这一情况极大地减轻了她站在周围、你能想象到的痛苦中的儿子和女儿的悲伤。
After this unction she began altogether to change, and to make various signs with her head and her arms as if to show that she was suffering from grave assaults of demons, and remained in this calamitous state for an hour-and-a-half, half of which time having been passed in silence, she began to say: “I have sinned! Oh Lord, have mercy on me!” And this, as I believe, she repeated more than sixty times, raising each time her right arm, and then letting it fall and strike the bed. Then, changing her words, she said as many times again, but without moving her arms, “Holy God, have mercy on me!” Finally she employed the remainder of the above-mentioned time with many other formulas of prayer both humble and devout, expressing various acts of virtue, after which her face suddenly changed from gloom to angelic light, and her tearful and clouded eyes became serene and joyous, in such a manner that I could not doubt that, like one saved from a deep sea, she was restored to herself, which circumstance greatly mitigated the grief of her sons and daughters who were standing around in the affliction you can imagine.
加大利纳一直躺在阿莱西亚修女的怀中,此刻终于能够起身,在些许搀扶下坐了起来,倚靠着这位修女。与此同时,我们将一幅虔诚的画像放在她眼前,上面镶嵌着许多圣髑和多位圣人的画像。然而,她的目光却定在了画像中的十字架上,开始朝拜它,并用言语表达了她对神之良善最深刻的感受。祈祷时,她在神面前概括地承认了自己所有的罪,并特别说道:「这是我的过错,哦,永恒的三位一体,我以我的疏忽、无知、忘恩负义和悖逆,以及许多其他缺陷,如此悲惨地得罪了祢。我这可怜的人啊!因为我既没有遵守祢赐予所有人的普遍诫命,也没有遵守祢的良善特别赋予我的诫命!哦,我这卑劣的造物!」说完,她捶打自己的胸膛,重复着她的忏悔,并继续说道:「我没有遵守祢的诫命,祢命令我要始终寻求荣耀祢,并为我的邻人劳苦付出,而我却相反地逃避劳苦,尤其是在必要的时候。祢不是命令过我吗,哦,我的神,要我放弃一切对自己的思虑,单单考虑祢的名在灵魂得救中的赞美与荣耀,并仅以这取自至圣十字架餐桌的食物来安慰自己吗?但我却寻求了自己的安慰。祢一直邀请我,通过甜蜜、爱慕和炽热的渴望,通过眼泪和谦卑、持续的祈祷,为全世界的得救和圣教会的革新,将自己唯独与祢联结,并应许我,因着这些祈祷,祢将向世界施怜悯,并赋予祢的新妇新的美丽;但我这可怜的人,却没有回应祢的渴望,反而在疏忽的床上沉睡。」
Catherine had been lying on the bosom of Mother Alessia and now succeeded in rising, and with a little help began to sit up, leaning against the same mother. In the meantime we had put before her eyes a pious picture, containing many relics and various pictures of the Saints. She, however, fixed her eyes on the image of the Cross set in it, and began to adore it, explaining, in words, certain of her most profound feelings of the goodness of God, and while she prayed, she accused herself in general of all her sins in the sight of God, and, in particular, said: “It is my fault, oh eternal Trinity, that I have offended Thee so miserably with my negligence, ignorance, ingratitude, and disobedience, and many other defects. Wretch that I am! for I have not observed Thy commandments, either those which are given in general to all, or those which Thy goodness laid upon me in particular! Oh mean creature that I am!” Saying which, she struck her breast, repeating her confession, and continued: “I have not observed Thy precept, with which Thou didst command me to seek always to give Thee honor, and to spend myself in labors for my neighbor, while I, on the contrary, have fled from labors, especially where they were necessary. Didst Thou not command me, oh my God, to abandon all thought of myself and to consider solely the praise and glory of Thy Name in the salvation of souls, and with this food alone, taken from the table of the most holy Cross, to comfort myself? But I have sought my own consolation. Thou didst ever invite me to bind myself to Thee alone by sweet, loving, and fervent desires, by tears and humble and continuous prayers for the salvation of the whole world and for the reformation of the Holy Church, promising me that, on account of them, Thou wouldst use mercy with the world, and give new beauty to Thy Spouse; but I, wretched one, have not corresponded with Thy desire, but have remained asleep in the bed of negligence.
「我何其不幸啊!祢指派我管理灵魂,将这么多我所爱的儿子托付于我,要我以特别的爱心去爱他们,并引导他们走上生命之道;然而,我却仅仅成了他们眼前人类软弱的一面镜子;我没有关怀他们;我没有在祢面前用持续而谦卑的祈祷帮助他们,也没有向他们充分提供美好生活的榜样,或是那有益教义的警示。哦,我这个卑劣的家伙啊!我多么轻忽地接受了祢数不胜数的恩赐——这些甜蜜的痛苦和辛劳的恩典,祢乐于将它们堆积在这脆弱的身体上,我却未能以那燃烧的渴望和炽热的爱来承受它们,那是祢赐予我的。唉!我的爱啊,因祢过度的良善,祢从我的童年起就选我作了祢的配偶,但我却不够忠诚;事实上,我对祢不忠,因为我没有将我的记忆单单献给祢和祢至高无上的恩惠;我也没有将我的理智专注于对它们的默想,或是让我的意志立刻全心全力地去爱祢。」
“Oh, unhappy that I am! Thou hast placed me in charge of souls, assigning to me so many beloved sons, that I should love them with singular love and direct them to Thee by the way of Life, but I have been to them nothing but a mirror of human weakness; I have had no care of them; I have not helped them with continuous and humble prayer in Thy presence, nor have I given them sufficient examples of the good life or the warnings of salutary doctrine. Oh, mean creature that I am! With how little reverence have I received Thy innumerable gifts, the graces of such sweet torments and labors which it pleased Thee to accumulate on this fragile body, nor have I endured them with that burning desire and ardent love with which Thou didst send them to me. Alas! oh my Love, through Thy excessive goodness Thou didst choose me for Thy spouse, from the beginning of my childhood, but I was not faithful enough; in fact, I was unfaithful to Thee, because I did not keep my memory faithful to Thee alone and to Thy most high benefits; nor have I fixed my intelligence on the thought of them only or disposed my will to love Thee immediately with all its strength.”
这只纯洁的鸽子如此这般地控告自己,还有许多其他类似的事——我想,与其说是为她自己的需要,不如说是为我们的榜样——然后转向司铎,说:「为了被钉十字架的基督的爱,请赦免我在神面前所承认的这些罪,以及所有我记不起来的其他罪。」这事做完后,她又请求全大赦,说这是教宗额我略和教宗乌尔班赐给她的,她说这话时,如同渴慕基督的宝血。于是,我照她所求的做了,而她,始终定睛注视着十字苦像,开始以最大的虔敬重新朝拜它,并说出一些非常深奥的话——我因自己的罪,不配理解这些话,也因我正承受的悲伤,以及她喉咙所受的极大压迫,使她几乎说不出话来;我们只好把耳朵凑到她嘴边,才能偶尔捕捉到一两个词,彼此传递。此后,她转向某些儿子们,他们之前没有参加一次难忘的讲道——那是许多天前,她向全家所作的,向我们展示了得救与成全的道路,并给每个人分派了她死后要执行的具体任务。她现在对这些其他人也做了同样的事,极其谦卑地请求所有人原谅她似乎对我们得救的关心不够。然后,她对卢西奥和另一个人说了些话,最后对我说,接着便立刻转向祈祷。
Of these and many other similar things did that pure dove accuse herself, rather, as I think, for our example than for her own need, and then, turning to the priest, said: “For the love of Christ crucified, absolve me of all these sins which I have confessed in the presence of God, and of all the others which I cannot remember.” That done, she asked again for the plenary indulgence, saying that it had been granted her by Pope Gregory and Pope Urban, saying this as one hungered for the Blood of Christ. So I did what she asked, and she, keeping her eyes ever fixed on the Crucifix, began afresh to adore it with the greatest devotion, and to say certain very profound things which I, for my sins, was not worthy to understand, and also on account of the grief with which I was laboring and the anguish with which her throat was oppressed, which was so great that she could hardly utter her words, while we, placing our ears to her mouth, were able to catch one or two now and again, passing them on from one to the other. After this she turned to certain of her sons, who had not been present at a memorable discourse, which, many days previously, she had made to the whole family, showing us the way of salvation and perfection, and laying upon each of us the particular task which he was to perform after her death. She now did the same to these others, begging most humbly pardon of all for the slight care which she seemed to have had of our salvation. Then she said certain things to Lucio and to another, and finally to me, and then turned herself straightway to prayer.
哦,你若看见她以何等谦卑和敬畏之心,多次恳求并接受她那最悲伤母亲的祝福,我只能说,这对母亲而言是苦甜交织!那景象何等充满柔情——母亲向她那蒙福的孩子祈求,恳求她为自己求得一项特别的恩典,即在这忧伤的境况中不致得罪神。然而,所有这些并未分散这位圣洁童贞女的祈祷热忱;临近终点时,她开始特别为大公教会祈祷,她宣告自己正为此献出生命。她又为教宗乌尔班六世祈祷,她坚决承认他是真正的教宗,并勉励她的儿女们,要毫不犹豫地为这一真理献出生命。然后,她以最大的热忱恳求主赐予她的所有心爱的儿女,要单单爱祂,反复说了许多我们的救主在将门徒托付给父时所用的言语,祈祷时情感如此深切,以至于听到她的话,不仅我们的心,就连石头都可能破碎。最后,她划了十字圣号,祝福了我们所有人,并如此持续祈祷到她长久渴望的生命终点,说道:「哦,主啊,祢呼唤我,我来到祢面前,不是因我的功德,而是单单因祢的怜悯,我恳求祢,凭祢的宝血!」她多次呼喊:「宝血,宝血!」最后,效法救主的榜样,她说:「父啊,我将我的灵魂和我的灵交在祢手里。」就这样,她甜美地低下头,面容全然闪耀如天使般,交出了她的灵魂。
Oh, had you seen with what humility and reverence she begged and received many times the blessing of her most sorrowful mother, all that I can say is that it was a bitter sweet to her! How full of tender affection was the spectacle of the mother, recommending herself to her blessed child, and begging her to obtain a particular grace from God—namely, that in these melancholy circumstances she might not offend Him. But all these things did not distract the holy virgin from the fervor of her prayer; and, approaching her end, she began to pray especially for the Catholic Church, for which she declared she was giving her life. She prayed again for Pope Urban VI, whom she resolutely confessed to be the true Pontiff, and strengthened her sons never to hesitate to give their life for that truth. Then, with the greatest fervor, she besought all her beloved children whom the Lord had given her, to love Him alone, repeating many of the words which our Saviour used, when He recommended the disciples to the Father, praying with such affection, that, at hearing her, not only our hearts, but the very stones might have been broken. Finally, making the Sign of the Cross, she blessed us all, and thus continued in prayer to the end of her life for which she had so longed, saying: “Thou, oh Lord, callest me, and I come to Thee, not through my merits, but through Thy mercy alone, which I ask of Thee, in virtue of Thy Blood!” And many times she called out: “Blood, Blood!” Finally, after the example of the Saviour, she said: “Father, into Thy Hands I commend my soul and my spirit,” and thus sweetly, with a face all shining and angelical, she bent her head, and gave up the ghost.
她的离世发生在星期日午祷时分,但我们直到星期二夜祷时分才将她安葬,期间完全没有任何异味,她的身体依然纯洁、完整、芳香,双臂、脖颈与腿部柔软如生前。整整三日,众人络绎不绝前来瞻仰遗体,但凡能够触摸者皆以为自己得蒙福佑。全能的神也在这期间行了许多奇迹,因时间匆促,我便不一一记述。虔诚的信徒常去她的墓前瞻仰,如同在罗马瞻仰其他圣者的遗骸,全能的神正藉祂这位蒙福的新妇之名赐予许多恩典,我深信还会有更多恩典赐下,听到这些消息我们深感荣幸。余不赘述。请代我问候院长与所有姐妹,因我此刻最需要祷告的帮助。愿全能的神保守你们,助你们在他的恩典中日益成长。
Her transit occurred on the Sunday at the hour of Sext, but we kept her unburied until the hour of Compline on Tuesday, without any odor being perceptible, her body remaining so pure, intact, and fragrant, that her arms, her neck and her legs remained as flexible as if she were still alive. During those three days the body was visited by crowds of people, and lucky he thought himself who was able to touch it. Almighty God also worked many miracles in that time, which in my hurry I omit. Her tomb is visited devoutly by the Faithful, like those of the other holy bodies which are in Rome, and Almighty God is granting many graces in the name of His blessed spouse, and I doubt not that there will be many more, and we are made great by hearing of them. I say no more. Recommend me to the Prioress and all the sisters, for I have, at present, the greatest need of the help of prayer. May Almighty God preserve you and help you to grow in His grace.